NorESM2-MM hindcast output produced for SEACLIM ----------------------------------------------- 1 Overview NorESM2-MM hindcast and forecast output for regional evaluation and downscaling in SEACLIM. The predictions are initialised on November 1st of the years 1982–2024, 5 years and 4 months long and have 10 members each. 2 Access 2.1 Local access The data can be accessed locally at nird.sigma2.no:/nird/datalake/NS11071K/www/seaclim/wp2/raw/noresm2-mm-seaclim_hindcast To request local access, please contact ingo.bethke@uib.no 2.2 Remote access The data can be accessed remotely via https at https://ns11071k.web.sigma2.no/seaclim/wp2/raw/noresm2-mm-seaclim_hindcast/ A download script exists that can be obtained with wget https://ns11071k.web.sigma2.no/seaclim/wp2/wget_seaclim_hindcasts.sh After changing its execution permissions with chmod +x wget_seaclim_hindcasts.sh the script is run with ./wget_seaclim_hindcasts.sh to print usage instructions. 3 Data description The data is organised according to start dates, ensemble members, variable output groups and temporal coverage as indicated from the file names. For example, the file noresm2-mm-seaclim_hindcast_20221101_mem001.cam.h0.2023-02.nc contains monthly atmospheric output (variable output group “cam.h0”) for February 2023 (suffix “2023-02”) from the first hindcast member (member tag “mem001”) that is initialized on November 1st of 2022 (start date “20221101”). Each output group contains data from a single component, frequency and spatial domain. Importantly, the ocean data is always output on the same grid. For the domains “>20N” and “extended IBI”, the data is set to missing outside of the domain, reducing the size of the compressed NetCDF4 files. A total of 14 output groups are available: cam.h0        - atmospheric, monthly, global         cam.h1        - atmospheric, daily, global      cam.h2        - atmospheric, 3-hourly, >20degN     cam.h3        - atmospheric, hourly, >20degN     cice.h        - sea ice, monthly, global   clm2.h0       - land, monthly, global     blom.hmphyglb - ocean physics, monthly, global      blom.hmphy20n - ocean physics, monthly, >20degN    blom.hdphy20n - ocean physics, daily, >20degN   blom.hdphyibi - ocean physics, daily, extended IBI  blom.hmbgcglb - ocean bgc, monthly, global    blom.hdbgcglb - ocean bgc, daily, global    blom.hdbgcibi - ocean bgc, daily, extended IBI    mosart.h0     - river runoff, monthly, global The output groups contain fields specified below: cam.h0: Name Units Description ABSVIS unitless Aerosol absorptive optical depth at 0.442-0.625um ABSVVOLC unitless CMIP6 volcanic aerosol absorptive optical depth at 0.442-0.625um ALDIF 1 albedo: longwave, diffuse ALDIR 1 albedo: longwave, direct AODVVOLC unitless CMIP6 volcanic aerosol optical depth at 0.442-0.625um AOD_VIS unitless Aerosol optical depth at 0.442-0.625um ASDIF 1 albedo: shortwave, diffuse ASDIR 1 albedo: shortwave, direct CABSVIS unitless Clear air aerosol absorptive optical depth CAODVIS unitless Clear air aerosol optical depth CLDHGH fraction Vertically-integrated high cloud CLDLOW fraction Vertically-integrated low cloud CLDMED fraction Vertically-integrated mid-level cloud CLDTOT fraction Vertically-integrated total cloud FICE fraction Fractional ice content within cloud FLDS W/m2 Downwelling longwave flux at surface FLDSC W/m2 Clearsky Downwelling longwave flux at surface FLNS W/m2 Net longwave flux at surface FLNSC W/m2 Clearsky net longwave flux at surface FLNT W/m2 Net longwave flux at top of model FLNTC W/m2 Clearsky net longwave flux at top of model FLNTCDRF W/m^2 Clear sky total column longwave flux (DIRind) FLNTCLR W/m2 Clearsky ONLY points net longwave flux at top of model FLNT_DRF W/m^2 Total column longwave flux (DIRind) FLUS W/m^2 LW surface upwelling flux FLUT W/m2 Upwelling longwave flux at top of model FLUTC W/m2 Clearsky upwelling longwave flux at top of model FSDS W/m2 Downwelling solar flux at surface FSDSC W/m2 Clearsky downwelling solar flux at surface FSDSCDRF W/m^2 SW downwelling clear sky flux at surface FSDS_DRF W/m^2 SW downelling flux at surface FSNS W/m2 Net solar flux at surface FSNSC W/m2 Clearsky net solar flux at surface FSNSCDRF W/m^2 Clear sky surface absorbed solar flux (DIRind) FSNS_DRF W/m^2 Surface absorbed solar flux (DIRind) FSNT W/m2 Net solar flux at top of model FSNTC W/m2 Clearsky net solar flux at top of model FSNTCDRF W/m^2 Clear sky total column absorbed solar flux (DIRind) FSNTOA W/m2 Net solar flux at top of atmosphere FSNTOAC W/m2 Clearsky net solar flux at top of atmosphere FSNT_DRF W/m^2 Total column absorbed solar flux (DIRind) FSUS_DRF W/m^2 SW upwelling flux at surface FSUTADRF W/m^2 SW upwelling flux at TOA FSUTOA W/m2 Upwelling solar flux at top of atmosphere ICEFRAC fraction Fraction of sfc area covered by sea-ice LANDFRAC fraction Fraction of sfc area covered by land LHFLX W/m2 Surface latent heat flux LWCF W/m2 Longwave cloud forcing OMEGA Pa/s Vertical velocity (pressure) OMEGA500 Pa/s Vertical velocity at 500 mbar pressure surface OMEGA850 Pa/s Vertical velocity at 850 mbar pressure surface PBLH m PBL height PHIS m2/s2 Surface geopotential PRECC m/s Convective precipitation rate (liq + ice) PRECL m/s Large-scale (stable) precipitation rate (liq + ice) PRECSC m/s Convective snow rate (water equivalent) PRECSL m/s Large-scale (stable) snow rate (water equivalent) PRECT m/s Total (convective and large-scale) precipitation rate (liq + ice) PS Pa Surface pressure PSL Pa Sea level pressure Q kg/kg Specific humidity QFLX kg/m2/s Surface water flux QREFHT kg/kg Reference height humidity RELHUM percent Relative humidity RHREFHT fraction Reference height relative humidity SHFLX W/m2 Surface sensible heat flux SNOWHICE m Snow depth over ice SNOWHLND m Water equivalent snow depth SNOWQM kg/kg Grid box averaged snow amount SOLIN W/m2 Solar insolation SST K sea surface temperature SWCF W/m2 Shortwave cloud forcing T K Temperature T1000 K Temperature at 1000 mbar pressure surface T200 K Temperature at 200 mbar pressure surface T500 K Temperature at 500 mbar pressure surface T700 K Temperature at 700 mbar pressure surface T850 K Temperature at 850 mbar pressure surface TAUX N/m2 Zonal surface stress TAUY N/m2 Meridional surface stress TGCLDCWP kg/m2 Total grid-box cloud water path (liquid and ice) TGCLDIWP kg/m2 Total grid-box cloud ice water path TGCLDLWP kg/m2 Total grid-box cloud liquid water path THzm K Zonal-Mean potential temp - defined on ilev TMQ kg/m2 Total (vertically integrated) precipitable water TOT_CLD_VISTAU 1 Total gbx cloud extinction visible sw optical depth TREFHT K Reference height temperature TREFMNAV K Average of TREFHT daily minimum TREFMXAV K Average of TREFHT daily maximum TROP_P Pa Tropopause Pressure TROP_T K Tropopause Temperature TROP_Z m Tropopause Height TS K Surface temperature (radiative) TSMN K Minimum surface temperature over output period TSMX K Maximum surface temperature over output period U m/s Zonal wind U10 m/s 10m wind speed U200 m/s Zonal wind at 200 mbar pressure surface U850 m/s Zonal wind at 850 mbar pressure surface UAS m/s 10m zonal wind UVzm M2/S2 Meridional Flux of Zonal Momentum: 3D zon. mean UWzm M2/S2 Vertical Flux of Zonal Momentum: 3D zon. mean Uzm M/S Zonal-Mean zonal wind - defined on ilev V m/s Meridional wind V200 m/s Meridional wind at 200 mbar pressure surface V850 m/s Meridional wind at 850 mbar pressure surface VAS m/s 10m meridional wind VT100 K m/s Meridional heat transport at 100 mbar pressure level VTHzm MK/S Meridional Heat Flux: 3D zon. mean Vzm M/S Zonal-Mean meridional wind - defined on ilev WTHzm MK/S Vertical Heat Flux: 3D zon. mean Wzm M/S Zonal-Mean vertical wind - defined on ilev Z050 m Geopotential Z at 50 mbar pressure surface Z100 m Geopotential Z at 100 mbar pressure surface Z200 m Geopotential Z at 200 mbar pressure surface Z3 m Geopotential Height (above sea level) Z300 m Geopotential Z at 300 mbar pressure surface Z500 m Geopotential Z at 500 mbar pressure surface Z700 m Geopotential Z at 700 mbar pressure surface dUazm M/S Zonal-Mean U adv increm - defined on ilev dUfzm M/S Zonal-Mean U fixer incr - defined on ilev dUzm M/S Zonal-Mean U dyn increm - defined on ilev dVazm M/S Zonal-Mean V adv increm - defined on ilev dVzm M/S Zonal-Mean V dyn increm - defined on ilev cam.h1: Name Units Description CLDTOT fraction Vertically-integrated total cloud FSDS W/m2 Downwelling solar flux at surface FSNS W/m2 Net solar flux at surface ICEFRAC fraction Fraction of sfc area covered by sea-ice PRECT m/s Total (convective and large-scale) precipitation rate (liq + ice) PRECTMX m/s Maximum (convective and large-scale) precipitation rate (liq+ice) PS Pa Surface pressure PSL Pa Sea level pressure SST K sea surface temperature T850 K Temperature at 850 mbar pressure surface TREFHT K Reference height temperature TREFMNAV K Average of TREFHT daily minimum TREFMXAV K Average of TREFHT daily maximum U10 m/s 10m wind speed UAS m/s 10m zonal wind VAS m/s 10m meridional wind Z500 m Geopotential Z at 500 mbar pressure surface cam.h2: Name Units Description FLDS_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n W/m2 Downwelling longwave flux at surface FSDS_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n W/m2 Downwelling solar flux at surface PRECT_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n m/s Total (convective and large-scale) precipitation rate (liq + ice) PSL_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n Pa Sea level pressure QREFHT_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n kg/kg Reference height humidity TREFHT_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n K Reference height temperature UAS_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n m/s 10m zonal wind VAS_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n m/s 10m meridional wind cam.h3: Name Units Description PRECT_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n m/s Total (convective and large-scale) precipitation rate (liq + ice) PSL_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n Pa Sea level pressure UAS_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n m/s 10m zonal wind VAS_0e_to_360e_20n_to_90n m/s 10m meridional wind cice.h: Name Units Description aice 1 ice area (aggregate) aisnap 1 ice area snapshot dagedtd day/day age tendency dynamics dagedtt day/day age tendency thermo dsnow cm/day snow formation hi m grid cell mean ice thickness hisnap m ice volume snapshot hs m grid cell mean snow thickness iage years sea ice age time_bounds days since 0001-01-01 00:00:00boundaries for time-averaging interval uvel m/s ice velocity (x) vvel m/s ice velocity (y) clm2.h0: Name Units Description QSOIL mm/s Ground evaporation (soil/snow evaporation + soil/snow sublimation - dew) SNOW_DEPTH m snow height of snow covered area SOILICE kg/m2 soil ice (vegetated landunits only) SOILLIQ kg/m2 soil liquid water (vegetated landunits only) SOILWATER_10CM kg/m2 soil liquid water + ice in top 10cm of soil (veg landunits only) TOTSOILICE kg/m2 vertically summed soil cie (veg landunits only) TOTSOILLIQ kg/m2 vertically summed soil liquid water (veg landunits only) TREFMNAV K daily minimum of average 2-m temperature TREFMXAV K daily maximum of average 2-m temperature TSKIN K skin temperature TSOI K soil temperature (vegetated landunits only) TSOI_10CM K soil temperature in top 10cm of soil TSOI_ICE K soil temperature (ice landunits only) blom.hmphyglb: Name Units Description eva kg m-2 s-1 Evaporation fice % Ice concentration hflx W m-2 Heat flux received by ocean lip kg m-2 s-1 Liquid precipitation maxmld m Maximum mixed layer depth mhfld W Meridional heat flux due to lateral diffusion mhflx W Meridional heat flux mhftd W Meridional heat flux due to thickness diffusion mld m Mixed layer depth mlts m Mixed layer thickness defined by sigma t mmflxd kg s-1 Overturning stream-function on z-levels mmflxl kg s-1 Overturning stream-function on isopycnic layers mmftdd kg s-1 Overturning stream-function due to thickness diffusion on z-levels mmftdl kg s-1 Overturning stream-function due to thickness diffusion on isopycnic layers msfld kg s-1 Meridional salt flux due to lateral diffusion msflx kg s-1 Meridional salt flux msftd kg s-1 Meridional salt flux due to thickness diffusion mty N m-2 Wind stress y-component nsf W m-2 Non-solar heat flux pbot Pa Bottom pressure rfi kg m-2 s-1 Frozen runoff rnf kg m-2 s-1 Liquid runoff salnlvl g kg-1 Salinity sbot g kg-1 Bottom salinity sealv m Sea level sfl kg m-2 s-1 Salt flux sflx kg m-2 s-1 Salt flux received by ocean sigmx kg m-3 Mixed layer density slvsq m2 Sea level squared sop kg m-2 s-1 Solid precipitation sss g kg-1 Ocean surface salinity sst degC Ocean surface temperature swa W m-2 Short-wave heat flux t20d m 20C isoterm depth taux N m-2 Momentum flux received by ocean x-component tauy N m-2 Momentum flux received by ocean y-component tbot degC Bottom temperature templvl degC Temperature ubaro m s-1 Barotropic velocity x-component vbaro m s-1 Barotropic velocity y-component voltr kg s-1 Section transports ztx N m-2 Wind stress x-component blom.hmphy20n: Name Units Description uflxlvl kg s-1 Mass flux in x-direction uhflxlvl W Heat flux in x-direction uvellvl m s-1 Velocity x-component vflxlvl kg s-1 Mass flux in y-direction vhflxlvl W Heat flux in y-direction vvellvl m s-1 Velocity y-component blom.hdphy20n: Name Units Description fice % Ice concentration mld m Mixed layer depth mlts m Mixed layer thickness defined by sigma t sealv m Sea level sst degC Ocean surface temperature templvl degC Temperature blom.hdphyibi: Name Units Description salnlvl g kg-1 Salinity sealv m Sea level uvellvl m s-1 Velocity x-component vvellvl m s-1 Velocity y-component blom.hmbgcglb: Name Units Description atmco2 ppm Atmospheric CO2 bsiflx0100 mol Si m-2 s-1 Opal flux at 100m bsiflx0500 mol Si m-2 s-1 Opal flux at 500m bsiflx1000 mol Si m-2 s-1 Opal flux at 1000m bsiflx2000 mol Si m-2 s-1 Opal flux at 2000m bsiflx4000 mol Si m-2 s-1 Opal flux at 4000m bsiflx_bot mol Si m-2 s-1 Opal flux to sediment calflx0100 mol Ca m-2 s-1 CaCO3 flux at 100m calflx0500 mol Ca m-2 s-1 CaCO3 flux at 500m calflx1000 mol Ca m-2 s-1 CaCO3 flux at 1000m calflx2000 mol Ca m-2 s-1 CaCO3 flux at 2000m calflx4000 mol Ca m-2 s-1 CaCO3 flux at 4000m carflx0100 mol C m-2 s-1 C flux at 100m carflx0500 mol C m-2 s-1 C flux at 500m carflx1000 mol C m-2 s-1 C flux at 1000m carflx2000 mol C m-2 s-1 C flux at 2000m carflx4000 mol C m-2 s-1 C flux at 4000m carflx_bot mol C m-2 s-1 C flux to sediment co2fxd kg C m-2 s-1 Downward CO2 flux co2fxu kg C m-2 s-1 Upward CO2 flux dfelvl mol Fe m-3 Dissolved iron dissiclvl mol C m-3 Dissolved inorganic carbon dms kmol DMS m-3 DMS dms_bac mol DMS m-2 s-1DMS bacterial consumption dms_uv mol DMS m-2 s-1DMS photolysis reduction dmsflux mol DMS m-2 s-1DMS flux dmsprod mol DMS m-2 s-1DMS production from phytoplankton production dnitint mol N m-2 s-1 Integrated denitrification epc100 mol C m-2 s-1 Export production epcalc100 mol Ca m-2 s-1 Ca export production epsi100 mol Si m-2 s-1 Si export production fgn2 mol N2 m-2 s-1 Nitrogen flux fgo2 mol O2 m-2 s-1 Oxygen flux kwco2 m s-1 CO2 piston velocity n2oflux mol N2O m-2 s-1N2O flux ndep mol N m-2 s-1 Nitrogen deposition flux nfixint mol N m-2 s-1 Integrated nitrogen fixation no3lvl mol N m-3 Nitrate o2lvl mol O2 m-3 Oxygen pco2 uatm Surface PCO2 phyclvl mol P m-3 Phytoplankton po4lvl mol P m-3 Phosphorus ppint mol C m-2 s-1 Integrated primary production pplvl mol C m-3 s-1 Primary production silvl mol Si m-3 Silicate srfdfe mol Fe m-3 Surface dissolved iron srfdissic mol C m-3 Surface dissolved inorganic carbon srfno3 mol N m-3 Surface nitrate srfo2 mol O2 m-3 Surface oxygen srfph -log10([H+]) Surface pH srfphyc mol P m-3 Surface phytoplankton srfpo4 mol P m-3 Surface phosphorus srfsi mol Si m-3 Surface silicate srftalk eq m-3 Surface alkalinity talklvl eq m-3 Alkalinity zooclvl mol P m-3 Zooplankton blom.hdbgcglb: Name Units Description ppint mol C m-2 s-1 Integrated primary production srfphyc mol P m-3 Surface phytoplankton blom.hdbgcibi: Name Units Description dfelvl mol Fe m-3 Dissolved iron dissiclvl mol C m-3 Dissolved inorganic carbon ndep mol N m-2 s-1 Nitrogen deposition flux no3lvl mol N m-3 Nitrate o2lvl mol O2 m-3 Oxygen po4lvl mol P m-3 Phosphorus silvl mol Si m-3 Silicate talklvl eq m-3 Alkalinity mosart.h0: Name Units Description TOTAL_DISCHARGE_TO_OCEAN_ICE m3/s MOSART total discharge into ocean: ICE TOTAL_DISCHARGE_TO_OCEAN_LIQ m3/s MOSART total discharge into ocean: LIQ